Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after examination and identification of the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, a test is carried out to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various drugs.Based on the information received, the doctor designs the treatment regimen necessary to effectively fight the infection and prevent serious complications.
Efficiency
Pathogenic microflora is capable of developing resistance to various drugs, so modern antibiotics have a wide spectrum of activity that allows to destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is Fosfomycin.
The antibacterial agent is available in powder form.This ensures its high bioavailability.The active substance eliminates the main symptoms of infection and destroys bacterial cells.A wide spectrum of action and a minimal number of side effects allow fosfomycin to be used for various forms of cystitis.
In an acute situation
When an acute inflammatory process occurs in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the chronicity of the disease.For this purpose, modern antibiotics with proven effectiveness are used.
Monural is often prescribed for acute cystitis.Its main component can accumulate in the tissues of the urinary system and maintain its therapeutic effect for a long time.One application is sufficient for uncomplicated infection.
For chronic
In case of chronic cystitis, based on the test data, the antibacterial agent should be selected more carefully.Depending on the sensitivity of the bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, release form and dosage of the drug.
With blood
When inflammation of the bladder mucosa is accompanied by bleeding, the patient is most often hospitalized and given antibiotic injections.Hemorrhagic cystitis poses a great threat to health.Therefore, the course of treatment takes place in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex treatment of cystitis, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones are often used.These are synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics that can disrupt the DNA synthesis of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are effective against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms, for example, streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci, anaerobic bacteria are also resistant to these substances.
Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin are prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other urinary tract infections.Tablets have a number of contraindications.They should not be used by children under 18 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, patients with kidney, liver and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The cephalosporin group of antibacterial agents includes 5 generation drugs that can destroy the cell walls of bacteria.Medicines are available in different forms: tablets, solutions and powders for injection, as well as suspensions.The peculiarity of drugs is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.Antibiotics of this group are sometimes prescribed even to small children.
Side effects of cephalosporins often include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, the doctor can prescribe Cephalexin monohydrate, Cefixime, Cefaclor, Ceftriaxone.
Penicillins
The list of drugs included in the penicillin group is quite extensive, because this type of antibiotic was created earlier than others.Medicines affect the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the cell wall of the infectious agent.However, many pathogenic microflora have developed resistance to penicillins.Therefore, these drugs are used less and less to treat inflammatory processes in the urinary system.Ampicillin or Amoxicillin can be prescribed for cystitis.
Hydroxyquinolines
8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives are characterized by a strong antimicrobial effect.These compounds prevent the synthesis of DNA gyrase in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, stopping their further reproduction.Nitroxolin from the group of hydroxyquinolines is used in the complex treatment of cystitis.
This tool is prescribed when treatment with other drugs does not give a positive result.The antibiotic has many contraindications and can cause serious side effects, so it is strictly forbidden to use it without a doctor's recommendation.
Quinolones
The group of quinolones with bactericidal effect was created on the basis of nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pipemidic acid).
Medicines of this series have proven themselves as effective uroantiseptics, so they are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, so you should be examined before starting treatment.
Nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobial agents called nitrofurans includes popular tablets such as nitrofurantoin and furazidin.
These preparations contain active components that are quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate the damaged area and are collected in the urine and kidneys.Medicines stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty of using nitrofurans is that these drugs cause unwanted reactions in the body.
Macrolides
Medicines from the macrolide group are of natural origin and have a minimal toxic effect on the human body, so they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
Tablets such as Roxithromycin and Azithromycin are effective for inflammation of the bladder mucosa.Their active substances disrupt the synthesis of special enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
Tetracyclines
Antibiotics of the tetracycline group are capable of destroying bacterial cell membranes.These drugs are active against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline drugs are effective against infections with certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of action of antibiotics is quite narrow compared to other drugs in this pharmaceutical field.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving the test results.Doxycycline is most commonly used for cystitis.
Levomycetins
The main active substance included in drugs from the chloramphenicol group is a component with the same properties as the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are effective against many types of pathogenic microflora.The antibiotic has a bacteriostatic effect.
However, a number of urinary tract infection pathogens have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.In addition, the drug has many contraindications.Therefore, Levomycetin is prescribed for the treatment of cystitis only in cases where therapy with other drugs has not given a positive result.
Herbal remedies
Herbal medicines are used to treat inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system.
A natural remedy based on cranberry is highly effective against urinary tract infections.Berries have a bactericidal and diuretic effect, help to strengthen the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are powerful drugs and have a number of contraindications.Taking medicine without consulting a doctor can cause serious health consequences.During the treatment of an infectious lesion of the bladder, you must strictly follow the urologist's recommendations, observe the dose and duration of prescribed drugs.
During pregnancy
Most antibiotics are contraindicated during pregnancy, because the active components penetrate the placental barrier and can cause malformations in the fetus.Herbal medicines are often prescribed during pregnancy.The doctor selects antibacterial agents individually for the expectant mother in cases where the benefit to the woman is greater than the potential risk to the child.
When breastfeeding
Strong drugs are also prohibited during breastfeeding.Antibiotics used to treat cystitis in women can harm the baby if the active ingredients are excreted in milk.It is recommended to transfer the child to artificial feeding for the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial drugs without consulting a doctor.A number of drugs are contraindicated at an early age.In addition, in most cases, the dose of the drug is calculated based on the weight of the child.
For men
The doctor always chooses antibiotics taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also the general health of the patient.
A number of drugs are contraindicated for men with acute liver, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other severe pathologies.Some antibiotics have a negative effect on potency and reproductive function.This should be taken into account when taking medicine.
Complications
When the bladder becomes inflamed, there is a risk of complications affecting all pelvic organs.The infection can penetrate the kidneys, causing severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial infection of the urinary tract is dangerous for women due to various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient does not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of drugs and the duration of the course of therapy, the pathogenic flora that causes the infection can become resistant to drugs and become chronic.In this case, complete treatment of cystitis is extremely difficult.Chronic infection contributes to general intoxication of the body and a decrease in immunity.
Reviews
The best way to treat cystitis at home is to drink Fosfomycin.You only need one packet of powder.No symptoms the next day.There are no side effects.If I had not tried it myself, I would not have believed that you can get rid of pain, itching and constant trips to the toilet in one day.The product is expensive but effective.
Inexpensive products can also fight infection well.This is proven again by Fosfomycin and Ofloxacin.I took an antibiotic and then an herbal medicine to increase the effect according to the doctor's recommended regimen.The symptoms of inflammation passed quickly, I stopped running to the toilet every half hour and returned to normal life.I just had to take a course of probiotics to prevent dysbiosis.I didn't feel any side effects anymore.